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| Makin sulitnya lahan dan lokasi TPA mengharuskan merobah paradigma pengolahan sampah |
Jenis organik, yang umumnya memiliki komposisi terbesar suatu TPS, dicacah 1 unit Mesin Pencacah Organik MP 500 (biogas) dan berikut cairan lindi (leachete) diumpan ke Instalasi Kompos dan 1 unit digester biogas BD 3.000L. Sementara, jenis plastik (PE,LDPE, PET) dicacah dan tercuci pada 1 unit Mesin Pencacah Plastik MPLP 200 untuk dijual ke industri daur ulang maupun diolah menjadi minyak bakar dengan diumpankan kedalam reaktor pirolisis stainelss yang terdapat di atas ruang reaktor Gasifier GS 50. Jenis sampah lain yang tidak dapat di daur ulang (unrecyle) sisa pemilahan plastik dan organik ( seperti pampers, kain perca, kemasan makanan, aneka kayu, kertas dan serasah kering) dimasukan ke reaktor gasifier GS 50 untuk proses pembangkitan syn gas (H2 dan CO).
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| Reaktor Konversi Musnah (RKM) Sampah terkecil kapasitas 2,85 ton/ hari di Banjaran Bandung |
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| Reaktor Konversi Musnah (RKM) Sampah terdiri dari paket teknologi Biogas- Pirolisis-Komposter- Gasifiier memenuhi kaidah 3R dalam pengelolaan sampah |
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| Reaktor Konversi Musnah (RKM) dibuat multi skala hingga kapasitas 40 ton/ hari |
Pendapatan dari bisnis sampah dengan reaktor konversi musnah (RKM), selain dari penjualan hasil konversi, sejatinya diperoleh dari typing fee ( jasa pengelolaan sampah) dari penimbul sampah. Misalnya, bagi kawasan perumahan, sumber dana typing fee diperoleh dari iuran warga yang selama ini dikelola RW. Sementara, kawasan komersial (komplek niaga, kawasan industri) dan property lainnya telah lazim menjadi tanggungjawab pengembang (developer).
Typing fee atas timbulan sampah juga dapat ditetapkan dan diatur dalam Peraturan Daerah (Perda). Besaran typing biasanya berbeda antara satu kota dengan lainnya tergantung kepada perimbangan hak dan kewajiban antara penimbul dan pengelola sampah. Di kota Bandung, misalnya, PT BRILL mendapat pembayaran atas jasa pengelolaan atas sampah yang disetor pengelola kebersihan kota ( dhi. PD Kebersihan) Rp 350.000/ ton. Sementara DKI Jakarta menetapkan typing fee ke Bantar Gebang Rp 114.000/ ton. Model pemberian dan pengelolaan typing fee yang sudah berjalan baik dan berlangsung sejak lama dapat dilihat di Malaysia. Pemerintah mengelola retribusi ( atau cukai pintu) kemudian dana diserahkan pemerintah kepada badan usaha yang telah mendapat sertifikasi dan perijinan pengelolaan sampah.
Alokasi besaran typing fee yang dibayarkan pemerintah kepada pengelola sampah, yang berbasis pengolahan, berasal dari retribusi penimbul sampah, akan memberi manfaat kepada pemerintah sebagai penyelenggara layanan publik ( public services) dengan berkurangnya beban anggaran daerah kepada pembelian barang investasi untuk mobilisasi ( truk, dump truck), berkurangnya kebutuhan akan pegawai serta biaya mobilisasi ( loading, BBM, unloading). Pengembangan badan usaha komersial secara tersebar di berbagai lokasi timbulan sampah, mendorong Pemerintah menyederhanakan besaran organisasi SKPD bahkan, pemerintah tidak perlu lagi memiliki Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Sampah. Dilain pihak, typing fee sebesar tersebut akan sangat membantu pengelola sampah ( skala kecil tersebar di dekat timbulan sampah) untuk berkembang secara berketerusan (sustainable). Dengan peranan kelembagaan Bank Sampah – yang menjadi patner badan usaha sampah- akan terjadi pendistribusian manfaat ekonomi sampah bukan saja bagi badan usaha melainkan juga kepada
masyarakat secara luas.
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| Bank Sampah memberikan andil bagi tersediaanya sampah terpilah per jenis serta hadirnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah di TPS 3R |
Mendirikan usaha pengelolaan sampah di Tempat Pengumpulan Sampah (TPS) melalui kegiatan reduce-reuse-recylce (3R) dengan teknik pengolahan konversi musnah ini akan medukung bagi berjalannya pengelolaan sampah kota berbasis masyarakat. Pengelolaan sampah tidak lagi menjadi beban melainkan, suatu ekonomi baru yang mensejahterakkan rakyat (*)
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| Reaktor Konversi Musnah (RKM) Sampah akan memberikan peluang bisnis skala kecil menengah di berbagai lokasi penimbul sampah. Menarik perhatian pemerintah dan swasta guna mewujudkannya sejalan dengan regulasi UU No 18/2008 serta berlakunya PP No 81/2012 |
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Perpaduan teknologi mesin dan enzim telah terbukti memudahkan kita dalam mengolah sampah perkotaan. Besarnya biaya mobilisasi buang sampak ke landfill, dapat diatasi dengan mengolah sampah di lokasi sumber timbulnya.
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